How Domestic Violence Orders Work in Singapore

The walls of a home are meant to offer safety, comfort, and love. Yet, for far too many in Singapore, these walls can become silent witnesses to fear, pain, and control. If you are experiencing family violence, or know someone who is, understanding your legal avenues for protection is not just important – it can be life-saving. You are not alone, and help is available. This article aims to shed light on exactly how domestic violence orders work in Singapore, specifically focusing on Personal Protection Orders (PPOs), to empower you with the knowledge to seek the safety and peace you deserve.

What Exactly is a Personal Protection Order (PPO)?

A Personal Protection Order (PPO) is a court order issued by the Family Justice Courts in Singapore, designed to protect individuals from family violence. It is a powerful legal tool that can help break the cycle of abuse and provide a legal shield for victims.

Family violence isn’t always physical harm. It encompasses a broader range of behaviours. In Singapore, the law defines family violence as:

• Wilfully or knowingly placing or attempting to place a family member in fear of injury.
• Causing a family member to suffer any hurt (physical or emotional) by an act which is known or ought to be known would result in hurt.
• Wrongfully confining or restraining a family member against their will.
• Causing mischief to the property of a family member, resulting in emotional distress.

This means emotional abuse, harassment, or threats that cause distress can also fall under family violence, not just physical assault. A PPO can be applied for by a spouse, former spouse, child, vulnerable adult, parent, or sibling who has experienced violence from another family member.

Understanding the Types of Orders You Can Get

When you apply for a PPO, the court can issue several types of orders to ensure your safety:

• Personal Protection Order (PPO): This is the main order that prohibits the abuser from committing any further acts of family violence against you and other protected family members (e.g., your children). It can include conditions, such as prohibiting the abuser from being near you or from communicating with you.
• Expedited Order (EO): If there is an imminent danger of family violence, the court can issue an Expedited Order. This is a temporary PPO that offers immediate protection while your main PPO application is being processed, often granted without the abuser being present initially.
• Domestic Exclusion Order (DEO): This order compels the abuser to leave your shared home and prohibits them from re-entering or residing there for a specified period. It can be crucial for creating a safe space within your own home.
• Counselling Order: The court can also order the abuser, the victim, or both, to attend mandatory counselling to address the underlying issues of the violence.

The Process of Applying for a Personal Protection Order

Applying for a PPO can seem daunting, but breaking it down into steps makes it more manageable. Remember, you don’t have to navigate this alone.

Step 1: Filing Your Application

The journey begins at the Family Justice Courts. You will need to file an application, typically accompanied by a sworn statement called an “affidavit.” In this affidavit, you will detail the incidents of family violence you have experienced, including dates, times, specific actions, and any witnesses. Be as specific and comprehensive as possible.

Practical Tip: Gather Evidence

The more evidence you have, the stronger your case will be. This can include:

• Police reports (even if no arrest was made, a report documents the incident).
• Medical reports or photos of injuries.
• Messages (WhatsApp, SMS, emails) that show threats or abuse.
• Photographs or videos of damage to property.
• Witness statements from friends, family, or neighbours who have seen or heard incidents.
• A detailed log or diary of incidents, even seemingly minor ones, with dates and times.

Step 2: The Court Hearing

Once your application is filed, a court date will be set. Both you and the alleged abuser will be required to attend. This is your opportunity to present your case to the judge, and the abuser will have a chance to respond. The judge will listen to both sides, review the evidence, and determine if family violence has occurred and if a PPO is necessary to protect you.

It’s natural to feel nervous about facing your abuser in court. Having legal representation can provide immense support, ensuring your case is presented effectively and that you feel heard and protected throughout the process.

Step 3: What Happens After a PPO is Granted?

If the court grants a PPO, it means the judge believes family violence has occurred and that you require protection. The PPO is a legally binding order. If the abuser breaches any condition of the PPO (e.g., commits another act of violence, contacts you when prohibited), they can be arrested by the police. Breaching a PPO is a serious offence that can lead to fines or even imprisonment.

The PPO typically specifies how long it will be in effect, and it can be renewed if necessary. It’s important to ensure the abuser is properly served with the order so they are aware of its terms.

Practical Advice and Support for Victims

Prioritise Your Safety

Your safety is paramount. If you feel you are in immediate danger, call the police at 999. Consider developing a safety plan, which might include having an emergency bag packed, knowing where you can go if you need to leave quickly, and telling a trusted friend or family member about your situation.

Don’t Suffer in Silence

Reaching out for help is a sign of immense strength. There are many organisations in Singapore dedicated to supporting victims of family violence:

• AWARE (Association of Women for Action and Research): Women’s Helpline at 1800 777 5555.
• Family Service Centres (FSCs): Provide counselling and support.
• Befrienders: For emotional support and a listening ear.
• Crisis Shelters: For safe temporary accommodation.

The Role of a Family Lawyer

Navigating the legal system can be complex and emotionally draining, especially when you are dealing with trauma. A family lawyer specialising in PPOs can be an invaluable ally. They can:

• Explain your rights and the legal process clearly, avoiding confusing jargon.
• Help you prepare your affidavit and gather necessary evidence.
• Represent you in court, advocating for your best interests.
• Guide you through any potential challenges, making the process less overwhelming.

Seeking protection from family violence is a courageous step towards reclaiming your life and ensuring your safety and well-being. The legal system in Singapore is designed to provide this protection, and understanding how Personal Protection Orders work is the first step in utilising this crucial support. Remember, you deserve to live free from fear.

If you are ready to take that step towards a safer future, we are here to help. Consult a family lawyer to begin the PO process.